FOREIGN ORGANIZATIONS & PUB. LICATIONS Belgium: Centre Cultural Belge, Postbox 30, Ixelles 1. Brussels (no publications).

Denmark:

(a) Forbundet, Postbox 1023, Copenhagen. Publishes monthly_magazine, "Pan." (b) Ganymedes Samfundet, Postbox 848, Copenhagen (no publications). (c) Internationalt Forbund for Sexual Lighed, Postbox 242, Copenhagen (no publications). (d) Vennen. Homofil Organization, Postbox 809 Copenhagen; magazine, "Vennen,' monthly in Scandinavian languages, some German and English, $3.50 per year by regular mail, $4.50 per year mailed first class sealed.

France: Cercle de France, 162 Rue Jeanne d'Arc, Paris XIIIe; magazine, "Arcadie," monthly in French, $9 per year.

Germany: (a) Gesellschaft fur Menschenrechte, Neustadter Strasse 48. Hamburg 36: magazines, "Hellas," monthly, and "Humanitas." monthly. (b) I.F.O., Auzer der Scheifmuhle 67, Bremen, publishes "Der Weg,'

Now in its 3rd year in the US.A.

one

Magazine, published by One, Inc., 232 S. Hill St., Los Angeles 12, Calif. Monthly. Subscription rates, $2.50 per year (U. S. & Canada). 2 years, $4. Mailed first class. $3.50 per year. All other countries, by regular mail, $3.50 per year. Single copies, 31 cents by first class mail. U. S. & Canada.

nanted:

monthly, address Colonnaden 5, Hamburg 36. (c) Verein fur Humanitare Lebensgestaltung, Arndstrasse 3, Frankfurt-am-Main. Magazine, "Dei Gefahrten," monthly, address as above. (d) Independent publication: "Dein Freund, monthly, Kleine Freiheit 25, Hamburg-Altona. Holland: (a) International Congress for sexual Equality, Post Box 542, Amsterdam; periodical, ICSE Newsletter in English, French and German, $3.00 per year. (b) Cultur en Ontspanningscentrum, Post Box 542, Amsterdam; magazine, "Vriendschap," address above, $4.00 per year.

Norway: Det Norske Forbundet Av. 1948, Postbox 1305, Oslo. No publication.

Sweden: Friends-Club, Box Box 1710, Gothenburg, no publications; Riksforbundet for Sexueltt Likaberattigande. Postbox 850, Stockholm, no publications.

Switzerland: "Der Kreis (Le Cercle)," organization and monthly magazine (since 1936) in German, French and English. $7 per year. Address: Postbox 547, Zurich 22, Fraumunster, Switzerland.

India: "International Journal of Sexology," Dr. A. P. Phillay, O.B.E., M.B.B.S., publisher, Whiteway Bldg., Bombay (monthly).

(PLEASE NOTE: Persons subscribin to the above publications must obtain international bank drafts or money orders negotiable in the foreign country concerned. Where no subscription price is listed, advance inquiry by airmail, enclosing unstamped self-addressed envelope is recommended. The Mattachine Review assumes no responsibility on behalf of any organization or publication listed above.

Articles, manuscripts, letters, art suggestions, and other contributions to make the Mattachine Review a better magazine are needed, and the Society is counting on you for help! Send all such material to Mattachine Review, Post Office Box 1925, Los Angeles 53, Calif, Please include self-addressed envelope if return of manuscript is desired.

mattachine REVIEW

A Brief History of the

Mattachine Society

THE MATTACHINE movement

had its inception in 1950, when

a group of three men, convinced that the time was right for such an idea, gathered several of their friends together at Los Angeles and inaugurated the first Discussion Group the characteristic feature of what was to become, three years later, the present Mattachine Society.

In the meantime, the original group of three had grown to seven, and they filed for incorporation as a nonprofit research organization in the State of California as the Mattachine Foundation, Inc.

To carry on the work of the original discussion group, a secret society was instituted, headed by several of the original members of the foundation. The secrecy in the groups extended from top to bottom and, although intended as a measure of protection, it served only to handicap functions of various levels or "orders" as they were called.

It was the task of the lowest "order" to organize and sponsor discussion groups. Attendance at these group meetings was from 20 to 60 persons. They met in various homes or churches, generally every two. weeks. Through these groups people were introduced to the movement, its aims and principles. The groups not only performed an educational and indoctrination role, but had the value of group therapy benefits as well. They helped dispel fear, suspicion and distrust among those pre-

sent.

It was this "lowest” order too, that handled mailing committee functions, and gathered and forwarded to the

Foundation the donations collected at the discussion groups.

As the Mattachine movement grew it became apparent that a secret and non-democratic'society was prov-. ing too great a hindrance. Difficulties in communicating from the lowest order and the Foundation arose. With an increasing number of persons attending discussion grotips, an insistent sense of responsibility grew, and with it the demand for a democratic association.

In response to this, the head of the Foundation called a meeting to form a new organization. It met April 11, 1953. It created and adopted a new constitution under the name of the Mattachine Society.

It required a second such constitutional convention a month later to agree on the final form of the constitution, elect officers, pass resolutions, by-laws, and lay down initial policies.

It became apparent during this last session that the original founders of the movement had built better than they knew. For there emerged from the convention a Society designed to carry out all functions of the Foundation, which agreed to disband. Gone were the "secret" orders, the questions of who was behind it all, and the possibility of alternate motives. Established was an association of persons who knew and trusted the others within the group, and shared the zealous desire to alleviate a preasing social problem.

Less than a year after formation of the democratic society, final incorporation as a non-profit educational and research organization was granted by the State of California.